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Question 1:
(a)(i) After absorption of nutrients in the small intestine, the undigested substances in the colon result in the formation of faeces.
Explain the formation of faeces in a human. [4 marks]
(ii) Malnutrition is a condition due to taking an unbalanced diet in which certain nutrients are lacking, in excess or in the wrong proportions.
Explain the effect on a child who is given insufficient amounts of any two nutrients of food for a long period of time. [6 marks]
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(b) Table below shows the food intake by a boy aged 15 years in his daily menu. The daily energy requirement for him is 12500 kJ.
![](http://spmbiology.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/01/Picture75.png)
(i) Based on the Table, state the value of energy contained in this daily food intake.
Does the food intake satisfy his daily energy requirement? [2 marks]
(ii) This boy takes this menu continuously for a long time. [8 marks]
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Answer:
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(ii)
Total energy = 8230 kJ
The energy produced from the food taken daily is insufficient.
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(b)(ii)
![](http://spmbiology.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/01/Picture76.png)
(a)(i) After absorption of nutrients in the small intestine, the undigested substances in the colon result in the formation of faeces.
Explain the formation of faeces in a human. [4 marks]
(ii) Malnutrition is a condition due to taking an unbalanced diet in which certain nutrients are lacking, in excess or in the wrong proportions.
Explain the effect on a child who is given insufficient amounts of any two nutrients of food for a long period of time. [6 marks]
[adinserter block="3"]
(b) Table below shows the food intake by a boy aged 15 years in his daily menu. The daily energy requirement for him is 12500 kJ.
![](http://spmbiology.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/01/Picture75.png)
(i) Based on the Table, state the value of energy contained in this daily food intake.
Does the food intake satisfy his daily energy requirement? [2 marks]
(ii) This boy takes this menu continuously for a long time. [8 marks]
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Answer:
(a)(i)
- The contents in the small intestine that are not absorbed enter the colon.
- The intestinal content consists of a mixture of water, indigestible food, bacteria, dead cells and pigments.
- The contents move slowly along the colon by peristalsis.
- Water is reabsorbed and faeces are formed.
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(ii)
- A child who is deficient in protein may suffer from kwashiorkor.
- Protein is needed for normal growth. Lack of protein causes growth of the child to be stunted.
- A child who is deficient in vitamin C may suffer from scurvy.
- Vitamin C is needed for healthy gums and skin. Lack of vitamin C causes swollen and bleeding gums.
- A child who is deficient in roughage may suffer from constipation.
- Roughage is needed to stimulate peristalsis.
- Lack of roughage causes difficulty in defaecation.
Total energy = 8230 kJ
The energy produced from the food taken daily is insufficient.
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(b)(ii)
![](http://spmbiology.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/2020/01/Picture76.png)