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Diagram 7.1 shows various use of synthetic rubber.
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Picture35.png)
(a) Based on Diagram 7.1, state the major use of synthetic rubber. [1 mark]
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(b) State two characteristics of synthetic rubber which is used to make shoe soles. [2 marks]
(c) Diagram 7.2 shows the formation of vulcanised rubber.
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Picture36.png)
(i) What is process R? [1 mark]
(ii) Draw the structure of vulcanised rubber in the space provided on Diagram 7.2. [1 mark]
(iii) State one function of sulphur in the formation of vulcanised rubber. [1 mark]
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Answer:
(a) Tyre
(b)
1. Heat resistant
2. Hard
3. Water resistant
(Choose any two)
(c)(i) Vulcanisation
(c)(ii)
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/10/Picture37-1.png)
(c)(iii) To prevent rubber polymer from sliding with each other
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Diagram 8.1 shows word equation of the soap making process.
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Picture24.png)
(a) What is the name of the soap making process? [1 mark]
(b) Give one example of substance X. [1 mark]
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(c) Diagram 8.2 shows the structure of a soap molecule.
Name the part Y and Z in the boxes provided in Diagram 8.2 using the following words given. [2 marks]
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Picture25.png)
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(d) A student found that her clothes stained with dirt.
Arrange the following cleansing actions of soap in the correct sequence in the boxes provided. [2 marks]
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Picture26.png)
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Answer:
(a) Saponification
(b) Palm oil
(c)
Y: Hydrophilic
Z: Hydrophobic
(d)
![](http://spmscience.blog.onlinetuition.com.my/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/Picture27.png)