Short Questions (Question 12 – 14)

Question 12

Solve the equation,

\log_{2} 5 \sqrt{x} + \log_{4} 16 x = 6

Solution:

\begin{array}{l} \log_{2} 5 \sqrt{x} + \log_{4} 16 x = 6 \\ \log_{2} 5 \sqrt{x} + \frac{\log_{2} 16 x}{\log_{2} 4} = 6 \\ \log_{2} 5 \sqrt{x} + \frac{\log_{2} 16 x}{2} = 6 \\ 2 \log_{2} 5 \sqrt{x} + \log_{2} 16 x = 12 \\ \log_{2} {(5 \sqrt{x})}^{2} + \log_{2} 16 x = 12 \\ \log_{2} (25 x) + \log_{2} 16 x = 12 \\ \log_{2} (25 x) (16 x) = 12 \\ \log_{2} 400 x^{2} = 12 \\ 400 x^{2} = 2^{12} \\ x^{2} = 10.24 \\ x = 3.2 \end{array}

Question 13

Given that 2 log₂ (x – y) = 3 + log₂x + log₂ y.

Prove that x² + y²– 10xy = 0.

Solution:

2 log₂ (x – y) = 3 + log₂x + log₂ y

log₂ (x– y)² = log₂ 8 + log₂ x + log₂y

log₂ (x– y)² = log₂ 8xy

(x – y)² = 8xy

x²– 2xy + y² = 8xy

x² + y² – 10xy = 0 (proven)

Question 14 (2 marks):
Given 2^p + 2^p = 2^k. Express p in terms of k.

Solution:

\begin{array}{l} 2^{p} + 2^{p} = 2^{k} \\ 2 (2^{p}) = 2^{k} \\ 2^{p} = \frac{2^{k}}{2^{1}} \\ 2^{p} = 2^{k - 1} \\ p = k - 1 \end{array}